ESTIMATION OF EMISSIONS AND FUEL CONSUMPTION OF SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT MEASURES IN METRO MANILA

Abstract

Environmentally sustainable transport (EST) strategy measures for Metropolitan Manila are assessed in terms of reduction in emissions and fuel. Measures include vehicle inspection, engine replacement, use of alternative fuels and biofuels, non-motorized transport, travel demand management and improvement of public transportation. Travel activity in terms of traffic volume and travel speeds of the travel demand forecast model estimates and the database of the 1996 Metro Manila Urban Transportation Integration Study (MMUTIS), emission factors from the Vehicular Emission Control Planning (VECP) project and fuel consumption factors from MMUTIS and recent studies on jeepneys and buses are utilized to generate the baseline emissions of criteria pollutants (HC, CO, NO2, PM and SO2) and fuel consumption (diesel, gasoline, alternative fuel/biofuel) in 2010 and 2015. Local emissions and fuel consumption are estimated for each strategy measure and compared with respect to the baseline values. Measures such as implementation of vehicle inspection, mass transit network expansion and travel demand management contributed to higher overall local emission reductions while the switch to CNG buses, mass transit network expansion and travel demand management measures resulted to significant reduction in fossil fuel consumption.

Keywords: emissions inventory, fuel consumption, travel demand forecast model, environmentally sustainable transport